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Identification of metal ions and inorganic compounds in aqueous solution
CED0211 - Chemistry IV
10 Pages • Essays / Projects • Year Uploaded: 2021
Inorganic qualitative analysis is the unambiguous identification of cations (and/or anions) present in solution. Unique tests for all ions in the possible presence of all others are virtually impossible to devise. Many tests give similar results with different cations. However, if a solution is treated to separate ions into smaller groups, identification is simplified. The most common way to subdivide cations into smaller groups is by selective precipitation, in which a small group of cations is precipitated chemically. The precipitate can then be physically separated from the remaining cations in solution by centrifuging. According to their properties, cations are usually classified into six groups. Each group has a common reagent which can be used to separate them from the solution. To obtain meaningful results, the separation must be done in the sequence specified below, as some ions of an earlier group may also react with the reagent of a later group, causing ambiguity as to which ions are present. This happens because cationic analysis is based on the solubility products of the ions.
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